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All other values are simply converted to long long and recast. When converting to unsigned long long, valid source values that are too high for long long are handled as a special case. Converting to unsigned first converts to long long and then truncates to 32 bits. Up through Visual Studio 2017, conversions to unsigned integer types are based on conversion to type long long. Intel Architecture has had instructions to convert from floating-point to signed integer types since before the first IBM PC, but instructions to convert to unsigned integer types were first introduced in AVX-512. ARM uses saturation for its conversion instructions.
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Even if the result is wrong, it is as close as possible to the correct result and may be less likely to cause failures. If the source value is NaN, zero will be returned for the result. The other common approach is called saturation, where any floating-point value too high to fit in the destination type gives the highest possible destination value, and any value too low to fit gives the lowest possible value. (The specific value returned depends on the result type.) The sentinel value is easy to test for, and it will often cause distinctive behavior during testing and debugging. Intel Architecture (IA) uses the result value farthest from zero as a substitute for NaN, so that any invalid conversion returns this sentinel value.
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Any result value can come from a valid conversion, and t here is no single “correct” result for an invalid conversion. Of course, completely random results for such conversions aren’t useful, so two different approaches are commonly used. Most floating-point operations indicate an invalid operation by returning a special “Not-a-Number” (NaN) value, but conversion to integer doesn’t allow that option. MSVC has been compatible with this for well over a decade, and only invalid conversions to unsigned types have changed. The conversion is valid if the truncated value can be represented in the result type, and the result must be that value. This is also known as “rounding toward zero”. Valid conversions start by truncating the floating-point value, which discards any fractional part and leaves only the integer value. Standard C++ specifies how valid conversions work, but invalid conversions can do anything at all. This post tells you more about this, including other options you might want to use. It also keeps the option of using conversions compatible with AVX-512. Unfortunately, we did not announce this change and we didn’t provide an option for backward compatibility until version 16.7.īy default, Visual Studio 2022 reverts back to the way Visual Studio 2017 handled these conversions. With 64-bit IA (圆4), the AVX-512 instructions are used when /arch:AVX512 is selected, but otherwise there was no change from VS2017. With unsigned integers the results of invalid conversions can be different, as I will explain later. For signed integers this is the same as Visual Studio 2017. When targeting 32-bit IA (x86), most conversions match the Intel AVX-512 conversion instructions. IntroductionĪs some of you may be aware, Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 changed some floating-point to integer conversions for Intel Architecture (IA). See also the MSDN documentation on /fpcvt here. Intrinsic functions give you more options and better control.Version 16.7 and later can use /fpcvt:BC for VS2017 compatibility and /fpcvt:IA for AVX-512 compatibility.When targeting x86, it is usually compatible with AVX-512.When targeting 圆4, it is usually compatible with VS2017.For floating-point to unsigned integer conversions in VS2019:.
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